A self-tapping screw is a screw which can tap its own hole as it is driven into the material.
Common features are the screw thread covering the whole length of the screw from tip to head and a pronounced thread hard enough for the intended substrate, often case-hardened.
Some self-tapping screws are also self-drilling, which means that, in addition to the tap-like flute in the leading threads, there is also a preliminary drill-like fluted tip that looks
much like the tip of a center-drill. These screws combine a drilling action and the fastener installation itself into only one driving motion (instead of separate drilling, tapping, and
installing motions); they are thus very efficient in a variety of hard-substrate applications, from assembly lines to roofing.